Category: Science

  • Cognitive dissonance

    Cognitive dissonance theory, proposed by psychologist Leon Festinger in 1957, suggests that individuals experience psychological discomfort, or dissonance, when they hold conflicting beliefs, attitudes, or behaviors. This discomfort motivates them to reduce the inconsistency and restore cognitive harmony. Key concepts of cognitive dissonance theory include: Dissonance: Cognitive dissonance refers to the uncomfortable feeling of tension…

  • Attribution theory

    Attribution theory is a social psychological framework that focuses on how individuals interpret and explain the causes of behavior, events, and outcomes. It explores the cognitive processes involved in making attributions, or judgments about the reasons behind observed phenomena. Developed by Fritz Heider and further elaborated by Harold Kelley and others, attribution theory helps understand…

  • Robotics

    Robotics is an interdisciplinary field that combines aspects of engineering, computer science, mathematics, and physics to design, build, and operate robots. Robots are autonomous or semi-autonomous machines that can perform tasks autonomously or under human control. Robotics encompasses a wide range of subfields, including robot design, control systems, perception, artificial intelligence, and human-robot interaction. Here…

  • Natural language processing

    Natural Language Processing (NLP) is a field of artificial intelligence (AI) and linguistics that focuses on enabling computers to understand, interpret, and generate human language in a way that is both meaningful and useful. NLP techniques allow machines to interact with humans through natural language, enabling tasks such as language translation, sentiment analysis, chatbots, and…

  • Evolutionary computing

    Evolutionary computing is a family of computational techniques inspired by principles of natural evolution and Darwinian theory. These techniques are used to solve optimization and search problems by mimicking the process of natural selection, mutation, and reproduction observed in biological evolution. Here are some key concepts and topics within evolutionary computing: Genetic Algorithms (GAs): Genetic…

  • Machine learning

    Machine learning is a subset of artificial intelligence (AI) that focuses on developing algorithms and techniques that enable computers to learn from data and improve their performance on specific tasks without being explicitly programmed. In other words, machine learning algorithms allow computers to automatically learn patterns and relationships from data and make predictions or decisions…

  • Soft computing

    Soft computing is a field of computer science and artificial intelligence (AI) that deals with approximations and uncertainties in problem-solving. Unlike traditional “hard” computing techniques that rely on precise mathematical models and algorithms, soft computing approaches are more flexible and tolerant of imprecision, uncertainty, and partial truth. Here are some key components and concepts within…

  • Computer vision

    Computer vision is a field of artificial intelligence and computer science that focuses on enabling computers to interpret, understand, and analyze visual information from the real world. It seeks to replicate the human ability to perceive and interpret visual data, allowing machines to extract meaningful insights and make decisions based on images and videos. Here…

  • Automated reasoning

    Automated reasoning is a branch of artificial intelligence (AI) and computer science that focuses on developing algorithms and systems capable of automatically reasoning and making logical inferences. The goal of automated reasoning is to create computer programs that can analyze, manipulate, and draw conclusions from formal logical statements or knowledge bases without human intervention. Here…

  • Artificial intelligence

    Artificial intelligence (AI) is a branch of computer science that focuses on creating systems and machines capable of performing tasks that typically require human intelligence. These tasks include understanding natural language, recognizing patterns, learning from experience, reasoning, and making decisions. Here are some key concepts and topics within artificial intelligence: Machine Learning: Machine learning is…