Cerium(III) chloride, with the chemical formula CeCl3, is an inorganic compound composed of the rare-earth metal cerium and chlorine. It is part of a group of compounds known as cerium(III) salts, where cerium is in its +3 oxidation state.

Properties of Cerium(III) Chloride:

• Appearance: Cerium(III) chloride typically exists as a white to pale yellow crystalline solid.
• Solubility: It is moderately soluble in water, and its solubility increases in acidic conditions.
• Hygroscopic: Like many cerium salts, cerium(III) chloride tends to be hygroscopic, meaning it can absorb moisture from the air.

Uses and Applications: Cerium(III) chloride has various applications in chemistry, materials science, and other fields. Some of its uses include:

1. Catalyst: Cerium(III) chloride is used as a catalyst in a variety of chemical reactions, such as in organic synthesis and industrial processes.
2. Cerium-doped materials: Cerium(III) chloride can serve as a precursor for the synthesis of cerium-doped materials, which may exhibit specific optical, electronic, or catalytic properties.
3. Glass manufacturing: Cerium compounds, including cerium(III) chloride, are used in glass manufacturing to modify the optical properties of the glass, such as light absorption and transmission.

Safety Considerations: As with all chemicals, cerium(III) chloride should be handled with care, and safety precautions should be followed. It is essential to consult the Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for specific safety information.