Cerium(IV) nitrate, with the chemical formula Ce(NO3)4, is an inorganic compound composed of the rare-earth metal cerium and nitrate ions (NO3-) in the +4 oxidation state. However, it is important to note that cerium(IV) nitrate is not stable and tends to decompose readily to form cerium(III) compounds and nitrogen dioxide gas (NO2) due to its high oxidation state.

The stable cerium nitrate compound is cerium(III) nitrate, Ce(NO3)3, where cerium is in the +3 oxidation state. Cerium(III) nitrate is a widely recognized compound, whereas cerium(IV) nitrate is more of a theoretical compound or an unstable intermediate in certain chemical reactions.

Properties of Cerium(III) Nitrate:

• Appearance: Cerium(III) nitrate is a white to light yellow crystalline solid.
• Solubility: It is soluble in water, and the resulting solution may be slightly acidic due to hydrolysis.

Applications: Cerium(III) nitrate itself does not have significant commercial applications, but it can serve as a precursor in the synthesis of other cerium compounds or cerium-doped materials with specific uses. Cerium-based materials find applications in catalysts, glass manufacturing, scintillators, and certain optical devices, among others, due to their unique optical and electronic properties.

Safety Considerations: As with all chemicals, cerium nitrate should be handled with care, and safety precautions should be followed. It is essential to consult the Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for specific safety information.