Expanded or E-notched is a descriptive classification used in lithic technology and projectile point typology to identify notches that flare outward, forming a distinctive “E” or expanded shape. These notches are diagnostic features that help archaeologists categorize stone tools and understand cultural traditions.
🌍 Definition
- Expanded Notch / E-notched: A notch that widens outward from its base, often resembling the letter “E” in outline typologies.
- Contrast:
- Contracting Notches narrow inward.
- Straight Notches maintain parallel sides.
- Expanded/E-notched flare outward, creating a broader hafting area.
🔑 Archaeological Context
- Projectile Points: Expanded or E-notched bases are common in certain arrowheads, dart points, and knives.
- Function:
- Designed to improve hafting security when binding points to shafts.
- Allowed for stronger attachment with sinew, cordage, or resin.
- Typology: Used by archaeologists to distinguish cultural phases (e.g., Woodland vs. Archaic traditions in North America).
📚 Examples
- North American Points: Many Woodland-era projectile points feature expanded or E-notched bases.
- Global Lithic Traditions: Similar outward-flaring notches appear in African and European assemblages, reflecting convergent technological solutions.
- Comparative Morphology: Expanded notches are contrasted with contracting notches in lithic classification charts.
🛠 Anthropological Significance
- Material Culture: Notch style reflects technological choices and cultural identity.
- Kinship & Exchange: Distinctive point styles can signal trade networks or group affiliations.
- Funerary Contexts: Notched points often appear in burials, symbolizing status or ritual meaning.
- Evolutionary Technology: Expanded/E-notched designs illustrate innovation in hafting efficiency and tool durability.
✨ Summary
Expanded or E-notched refers to outward-flaring notches in stone tools, especially projectile points, that aid in hafting and serve as cultural markers. They are key diagnostic features in lithic typology, linking technology to identity and adaptation.
