The Megalithic Temples of Malta are a collection of prehistoric temple complexes located on the islands of Malta and Gozo in the Mediterranean Sea. These temples, constructed during the Neolithic period, are among the oldest surviving freestanding structures in the world. The Megalithic Temples of Malta are recognized for their architectural sophistication and cultural significance, and they have been designated as UNESCO World Heritage Sites.

Here are some key Megalithic Temples in Malta:

1. Ġgantija Temples (Gozo):
   • The Ġgantija Temples, located on the island of Gozo, are among the earliest megalithic temples in Malta, dating back to around 3600 BCE. The name “Ġgantija” means “giant” in Maltese, reflecting the massive size of the stones used in their construction. The temples consist of two main structures and are characterized by a megalithic complex with well-defined apses.
2. Hagar Qim:
   • Hagar Qim is situated on the southern coast of Malta and dates back to approximately 3600 BCE. The temple complex consists of a main temple and several smaller structures. Notable features include massive megaliths, trilithon entrances, and an alignment with the summer solstice.
3. Mnajdra:
   • Mnajdra is located near Hagar Qim on the southern coast of Malta and comprises three temple structures. Dating to around 3600 BCE, Mnajdra is known for its intricate carvings and alignments with the solstices. The temples at Mnajdra are arranged in a way that allows sunlight to penetrate specific chambers during the equinoxes and solstices.
4. Tarxien Temples:
   • The Tarxien Temples, located in the town of Tarxien in Malta, were built between 3600 BCE and 2500 BCE. The complex consists of four structures with evidence of advanced architectural features, including intricate carvings, altars, and statues. The Tarxien Temples are notable for their rich symbolic and artistic elements.
5. Skorba Temples:
   • The Skorba Temples, dating to around 3600 BCE, are located near the village of Mgarr in Malta. While not as well-preserved as some other temples, Skorba is significant for its early construction and provides insights into the evolution of megalithic temple architecture.
6. Ta’ Ħaġrat Temples:
   • Ta’ Ħaġrat Temples, situated in Mgarr, Malta, date back to around 3600 BCE. The site includes two adjoining temples and showcases the transition from an earlier phase of megalithic construction to more advanced temple designs.

These megalithic temples played a crucial role in the religious and social practices of the Neolithic communities in Malta. The temples are characterized by their cyclopean walls, corbelled roofs, intricate carvings, and alignments with celestial events, demonstrating the advanced architectural and astronomical knowledge of their builders. The Megalithic Temples of Malta provide valuable insights into the Neolithic period and are important cultural heritage sites.