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WebRef.org: odd things found in strange places.
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J.J. Thomson
Sir Joseph John Thomson (1856–1940) was a British physicist who made groundbreaking contributions to the understanding of the structure of the atom. He is best known for the discovery of the electron and his work on the nature of cathode rays. Here are key points about J.J. Thomson’s life and contributions: Early Life and Education:…
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Ernest Rutherford
Ernest Rutherford (1871–1937) was a New Zealand-born physicist who made significant contributions to the understanding of atomic structure and radioactivity. He is often referred to as the “father of nuclear physics” for his groundbreaking work that laid the foundation for modern nuclear physics. Here are key points about Ernest Rutherford’s life and contributions: Early Life…
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James Chadwick
James Chadwick (1891–1974) was a British physicist who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1935 for his discovery of the neutron, a subatomic particle with no electrical charge. Chadwick’s discovery had a profound impact on the understanding of atomic structure and played a crucial role in the development of nuclear physics. Key points about…
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C
The C programming language is a general-purpose, procedural programming language that was originally developed at Bell Labs in the early 1970s by Dennis Ritchie. C became widely popular and influential, leading to the development of many other programming languages. Here are key aspects of the C programming language: Procedural Programming: C is a procedural programming…
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Simula
Simula is a programming language designed for the simulation and modeling of real-world systems. It was developed in the 1960s by Ole-Johan Dahl and Kristen Nygaard of the NCC (Norwegian Computing Center) in Oslo, Norway. Simula is recognized as one of the earliest object-oriented programming (OOP) languages, and its design influenced the development of later…
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Multics
Multics (Multiplexed Information and Computing Service) was an influential but ultimately discontinued operating system project. It was initiated in the mid-1960s as a collaborative effort among MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology), Bell Labs (part of AT&T), and General Electric. The goal was to develop a highly sophisticated and advanced time-sharing operating system. Here are key…
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LISP
LISP (List Processing) is a programming language that was developed in the late 1950s by John McCarthy at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). LISP is known for its unique and expressive syntax, which is based on symbolic expressions (S-expressions) and linked lists. It has played a significant role in the history of artificial intelligence…
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COMTRAN
COMTRAN (Common Language for Programming Business Applications) is a high-level programming language developed in the late 1950s by the RAND Corporation. Similar to FLOW-MATIC and COBOL, COMTRAN was designed for business data processing applications. It aimed to provide a common language that could be used for a variety of business-oriented computing tasks. Here are key…
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FLOW-MATIC
FLOW-MATIC is one of the earliest high-level programming languages designed for business data processing. It was developed by Rear Admiral Grace Hopper in collaboration with a team of engineers and programmers in the early 1950s. FLOW-MATIC served as the basis for the development of COBOL (Common Business-Oriented Language), another prominent language in the business computing…
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CODASYL
CODASYL, which stands for Conference on Data Systems Languages, refers to both an organization and a set of data management and database design standards that emerged from the conferences held by the CODASYL organization in the late 1950s and 1960s. The organization was focused on developing standards for data processing and database systems. Here are…
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