Ring position isomerism, also known as position isomerism or positional isomerism, is a type of structural isomerism in organic chemistry. It occurs when a compound has the same molecular formula and the same functional groups but differs in the position of a substituent or a functional group within a molecular structure.

In the context of ring position isomerism, the isomerism arises from the movement of a substituent or a functional group within a ring structure. This movement can result in different connectivity and arrangement of atoms in the molecule.

Here are some key points about ring position isomerism:

1. Substituent Movement: Ring position isomerism involves the movement of a substituent or a functional group within a ring structure. This movement can occur on different carbon atoms in the ring.
2. Same Functional Groups: Both isomers in ring position isomerism have the same functional groups and overall molecular formula. The difference lies in the arrangement of atoms within the ring.
3. Naming: Isomers in ring position isomerism are often named based on the position of the substituent or functional group within the ring.
4. Substituted Cycloalkanes: Ring position isomerism is commonly observed in substituted cycloalkanes, where different isomers are formed by placing a substituent (e.g., a methyl group) on different carbon atoms of the ring.
5. Effect on Properties: The arrangement of substituents within a ring can influence the physical and chemical properties of the compound, including reactivity and solubility.
6. Steric Effects: The position of substituents within a ring can also lead to steric interactions between adjacent atoms or groups, affecting the stability and reactivity of the molecule.
7. Examples: An example of ring position isomerism involves cis-1,2-dimethylcyclohexane and trans-1,2-dimethylcyclohexane, which differ in the arrangement of the two methyl groups on adjacent carbon atoms.

Ring position isomerism highlights the diversity of structural possibilities within organic compounds and demonstrates the impact of subtle changes in molecular arrangement on the properties and behavior of molecules.