Bipoint is a lithic typological term used in archaeology to describe a stone tool or projectile point that is symmetrically pointed at both ends, rather than having a distinct base and tip. It is less common than unipointed projectile forms but appears in certain prehistoric contexts.

🌍 Definition

• Bipoint: A bifacially flaked stone artifact with two pointed ends, often elongated and symmetrical.
• Morphology:
  • Narrow, lanceolate shape.
  • Both ends taper to points, lacking a clear hafting base.
• Contrast:
  • Unipoint: One pointed end with a base for hafting.
  • Bipoint: Two pointed ends, sometimes used as knives or specialized tools.

🔑 Archaeological Contexts

• South American Traditions:
  • Bipoints are found in Paleoindian contexts, often associated with hunting and butchering.
• Functional Role:
  • May have served as knives, spear tips, or multipurpose cutting tools.
  • Double-pointed design allowed re-use if one end broke.
• Manufacturing Technique:
  • Produced by bifacial flaking, often with fine pressure flaking for symmetry.
• Diagnostic Value:
  • Identified by archaeologists as a distinct type within projectile point typologies.

📚 Importance in Anthropology

• Technological Insight: Bipoints show experimentation in tool design beyond standard hafted points.
• Cultural Identity: Their presence in specific regions reflects localized traditions in lithic technology.
• Comparative Value: Highlights diversity in projectile point morphology across cultures.
• Material Culture Link: Bipoints embody adaptive strategies—designing tools with dual functionality and extended use-life.

In short: A bipoint is a bifacially flaked stone tool with two pointed ends, used in Paleoindian contexts as knives or projectile tips, reflecting both functional adaptation and cultural variation.