In anthropology and anatomy, the term auricle has two primary meanings depending on context: one cultural/biological and one strictly anatomical.

🌍 Definitions

• Auricle (Anatomical – Ear):
  • The external, visible part of the ear (also called the pinna).
  • Made of cartilage and skin, it collects sound waves and directs them into the auditory canal.
• Auricle (Anatomical – Heart):
  • A small, ear-shaped muscular pouch projecting from each atrium of the heart.
  • Functions as a reservoir to increase atrial capacity.
• Anthropological Use:
  • In physical anthropology, auricle usually refers to the external ear, studied for variation in shape, size, and morphology across populations.
  • Ear morphology has been used in forensic anthropology and bioarchaeology for identification and population studies.

🔑 Anthropological Contexts

• Physical Anthropology:
  • Auricle morphology (lobed vs. attached earlobes, ear shape) is a genetic trait studied in population variation.
• Cultural Anthropology:
  • Auricles are often modified or adorned (piercing, stretching, ornaments) as part of cultural identity.
  • Example: Maasai ear stretching, or elaborate ear jewelry in South Asia.
• Bioarchaeology & Forensics:
  • Auricle traits can aid in identifying individuals or populations in skeletal remains.

📚 Importance in Anthropology

• Biological Insight: Ear morphology reflects genetic inheritance and population diversity.
• Cultural Expression: Auricles are a canvas for adornment, ritual, and identity.
• Medical-Anthropological Link: Auricle variations can be studied in relation to health, hearing, and adaptation.

In short: The auricle is both the external ear (pinna) and a heart structure, but in anthropology it primarily refers to the ear, studied for biological variation and cultural modification.