In anthropology, “BC” most commonly refers to Before Christ, a chronological marker used in dating historical and archaeological events. It is part of the traditional Western calendar system, though many scholars now prefer the neutral term BCE (Before Common Era).

📜 Chronological Use in Anthropology

• BC (Before Christ): Marks years before the estimated birth of Jesus Christ.
  • Example: The construction of Stonehenge is often dated to around 2500 BC.
• Counting System: Years count backward (500 BC is earlier than 200 BC).
• Paired With AD: “Anno Domini” (Latin: in the year of our Lord) marks years after Christ’s birth.
• Modern Alternative: BCE/CE (Before Common Era/Common Era) is widely adopted in anthropology and archaeology to avoid religious framing while keeping the same numerical system.

🌍 Why It Matters in Anthropology

• Dating Archaeological Finds: BC dates are used to situate artifacts, monuments, and cultural phases in time.
• Cross-Cultural Chronology: Provides a standardized way to align global histories, even though many cultures had their own calendars.
• Interpretive Neutrality: Anthropologists often prefer BCE/CE to emphasize inclusivity and avoid Christian-centric terminology.
• Comparative Framework: BC/BCE dating allows anthropologists to compare developments across regions (e.g., Mesopotamian urbanization in 3000 BC vs. Mesoamerican ceremonial centers in 1000 BC).

In short: In anthropology, “BC” means Before Christ and is used to date events prior to year 1 CE, though scholars often prefer the neutral term BCE (Before Common Era) for inclusivity.